Jagini, Gopi and Unni, H N
(2019)
Finite Element Analysis of Femur Bone Model.
Masters thesis, Indian institute of technology Hyderabad.
Abstract
Finite Element Method (FEM) is a numerical technique of obtaining solutions to boundary value problems. The practical application of Finite Element Method is called as Finite Element Analysis (FEA). FEA is the computational tool for performing engineering analysis. Biomechanical analysis involves dealing with the mechanical aspects of the biological systems. FEM techniques can be used to study the engineering analysis of different biological systems. Femur bone is the longest and strongest bone of the human body. It undergoes mostly compressive loading. It exhibits anisotropy, indicating that the strength is different in different directions when a force is applied. It is hyperelastic in nature. It has two anatomical structures namely cortical bone tissue and cancellous bone tissue. The cortical is dense and tightly packed. The cancellous is porous. Cortical section is superior in mechanical properties compared to cancellous section. Cortical and cancellous are formed with collagen fibers. Upon the application of loading they align in the direction of loading, make bone stiff and gives strength to withstand a range of loads. Femoral neck fracture is the common problem that occur in femur bone. This is more prominent in the patients with osteoporotic conditions. Osteoporosis is the condition in which the bone become highly porous and brittle. In the neck region, the amount of cancellous bone is more which makes it weaker. Under some high amount of forces, it creates a bending couple in the neck region and generated high stress regions. In this study, an attempt has been made to analyze the mechanical behavior of Femur bone model. A 3D realistic human femur bone has been modeled and finite element analysis has been performed using ABAQUS with different material models.
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