Investigation of Nutrient Transport in a Semi-Arid, Tropical, Agricultural Watershed Using a Process Based Model

M, Saheli (2014) Investigation of Nutrient Transport in a Semi-Arid, Tropical, Agricultural Watershed Using a Process Based Model. Masters thesis, Indian Institute of Technology.

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Abstract

The contribution of agriculture and its allied sectors to Indian GDP has con- tinuously decreased from 18.26% in 2007 to 14.10% in 2012. One of the three reasons attributed by World Bank to this decrease includes lack of adopting innovative agri- cultural practices by analyzing the soil-crop-water relations specific to the region. Nitrogen and Phosphorous dominant fertilizers are extensively applied by farmers of India for increased crop yield with no proper attention given to the amount applied, timing of application, and effect on ecosystem balance. Excessive application of nu- trients results in leaching, eutrophication and pollution of surface and groundwater bodies. The Manjeera-Singur Catchment is one of the agriculturally intensive water- sheds in Telangana, where in, nitrate surface loadings have substantially impacted groundwater nitrate concentrations of the aquifer. Also, Singur Reservoir is catering to about 40% drinking needs of the Hyderabad city. A careful assessment of nitrates movement in surface and groundwater sources can help water managers of the re- gion in practicing water conservation practices and establish guidelines on water use specific to the study area.

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