Regional variation of recession flow power-law exponent

Patnaik, Swagat and Biswal, Basudev and D, Nagesh Kumar and Bellie, Siva Kumar (2018) Regional variation of recession flow power-law exponent. Hydrological Processes. ISSN 0885-6087 (In Press)

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Abstract

Recession flows of a basin provide valuable information about its storage-discharge relationship as during recession periods discharge occurs due to depletion of storage. Storage-discharge analysis is generally performed by plotting −dQ/dt against Q, where Q is discharge at time t. For most real world catchments, −dQ/dt vs Q show a power-law relationship of the type: −dQ/dt = kQα. Because the coefficient k varies across recession events significantly, the exponent α needs to be computed separately for individual recession events. The median α can then be considered as the representative α for the basin. The question that arises here is: what are the basin characteristics that influence the value of α? Studies based on a small number of basins (up to 50 basins) reveal that α has good relationship with several basin characteristics. However, whether such a relationship is universal remains an important question, since a universal relationship would allow prediction of the value of α for any ungauged basin. To test this hypothesis, here we study data collected from a relatively large number of basins (358 basins) in USA, and examine the influence of 35 different physio-climatic characteristics on α. We divide the basins into two groups based on their longitudes and test the relationship between α and basin characteristics separately for the two groups. The results indicate that α is not identically influenced by different basin characteristics for the two datasets. This may suggest that the power-law exponent α of a region is determined by the way local physio-climatic forces have shaped the landscape.

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