A Review on N-Heterocyclic Carbene Supported Halosilylene

Gour, Kritika and G, Prabusankar (2016) A Review on N-Heterocyclic Carbene Supported Halosilylene. Masters thesis, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad.

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Abstract

This literature survey is associated with the highly useful compound NHC supported halosilylenes. Silylenes are the silicon analogues of singlet carbenes, are highly reactive compounds with dicoordinate divalent silicon atoms. They are the silicon counterparts to carbenes and plays a very important role in silicon chemistry.Parent silylene and its derivatives R2Si: with small organic groups R represent reactive intermediates (generally formed in-situ), which have been investigated in the gas-phase, in diluted solutions, and in frozen rare-gas matrices at low temperatures.Prior to 1994, silylenes existed only as reactive intermediates (generally formed in-situ), isolable only in low-temperature matrixes. The field of stable silylene research has grown dramatically since the first isolation of a stable N-heterocyclic silylene by West et al.in 1994. Since then, several stable halosilylenes have been synthesized, some in fact showing remarkable thermal stability. NHC has a carbon centre with a lone pair of electrons. Carbon donates its lone pair of electron and binds strongly with silicon in low oxidation state making it stable enough to be isolated. The bond formed is yet facile enough to break for the use of monomeric SiX2 under specific reaction conditions. They are isolated in varying crystalline form with different thermal stabilities depending on the NHC and silicon halide used.My work highlights the synthesis of such NHC supported halosily lenes, their reactions to make several silicon analogues of carbon compounds, Si-Si multiple bond, Si-E (E = main group element, transition metal) bonds, etc., and their characterization using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 29Si NMR and molecular & electronic structural analysis using X-ray and computational methods as DFT Turbomole at BP/TZVP.

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