Paper Based Low‐Cost and Portable Ultrasensitive Electroanalytical Devicefor The Detection of Uric Acid in Human Urine

Vishnu, Nandimalla and Sihorwala, Ahmed Z. and Sharma, Chandra S. (2021) Paper Based Low‐Cost and Portable Ultrasensitive Electroanalytical Devicefor The Detection of Uric Acid in Human Urine. ChemistrySelect, 6 (32). pp. 8426-8434. ISSN 2365-6549

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Abstract

The electrochemical literature describes a plethora of devices for various applications. Design and development of such paper-based analytical device(PAD) for sensing applications is paramount of interest. In this work, a PAD was developed using common office-hold items like paper, pencil, crayons and scotch tape. On a paper, a three-electrode system was developed by simple drawing with pencils, and the accessible area was confined by creating a hydrophobic barrier using color crayons. The newly developed PAD can hold a low-dead volume of 25 μL for the analysis and is sealed at the bottom using scotch tape. In our preliminary approach, uric acid (UA), a critical biomarker, was demonstrated as a model analyte for the application of the developed PAD as an electrochemical sensor. The sensor exhibited better analytical performance for UA sensing in a wide range (0.1–1 mM) with appreciable reproducibility, sensitivity (0.3×10−3 A M−1) and selectivity over common interferents (ascorbic acid, urea and glucose). Furthermore, the developed electroanalytical approach was validated by testing the UA in non-invasive bio-sample (human urine). Such a cheap, portable, disposable, biocompatible, eco-friendly and fully-drawn PAD paves the way for the development of affordable ‘lab on paper’ devices for a wide range of bioanalytical applications.

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