A photoanode with plasmonic nanoparticles of earth abundant bismuth for photoelectrochemical reactions

Subramanyam, P. and Deepa, M. and Raavi, S. S. K. and Ch., S. and et al, . (2020) A photoanode with plasmonic nanoparticles of earth abundant bismuth for photoelectrochemical reactions. Nanoscale Advances, 2 (12). pp. 5591-5599. ISSN 2516-0230

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Abstract

A wide range of technologies has been developed for producing hydrogen economically and in greener ways. Photoelectrochemical water splitting using photoelectrodes submerged in a bath electrolyte forms a major route of hydrogen evolution. The efficacy of water splitting is improved by sensitizing metal oxide photoelectrodes with narrow bandgap semiconductors that efficiently absorb sunlight and generate and transport charge carriers. Here we show that the efficiencies of photocurrent generation and photoelectrochemical hydrogen evolution by the binary TiO2/Sb2S3 anode increase by an order of magnitude upon the incorporation of the earth-abundant plasmonic bismuth nanoparticles into it. The ternary electrode TiO2/Bi nanoparticle/Sb2S3 illuminated with sunlight provides us with a photocurrent density as high as 4.21 mA cm-2 at 1.23 V, which is fourfold greater than that of the binary electrode and tenfold greater than that of pristine TiO2. By using bismuth nanoparticles, we estimate the incident photon to current conversion efficiency at 31% and solar power conversion efficiency at 3.85%. Here the overall impact of bismuth nanoparticles is attributed to increases in the open-circuit voltage (860 mV), which is by expediting the transfer of photogenerated electrons from Sb2S3 nanoparticles to the TiO2 electrode, and short-circuit current (9.54 mA cm-2), which is by the plasmonic nearfield effect. By combining the cost-effective plasmonic bismuth nanoparticles with the narrow bandgap Sb2S3 on the TiO2 electrode, we develop a stable, ternary photoanode and accomplish high-efficiency photocurrent generation and hydrogen evolution.

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IITH Creators:

IITH Creators	ORCiD
M, Deepa	UNSPECIFIED
Raavi, Sai Santosh Kumar	http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2496-9233
Ch, Subrahmanyam	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-3854

Item Type:

Article

Uncontrolled Keywords:

Antimony compounds; Bismuth; Carrier mobility; Conversion efficiency; Cost effectiveness; Efficiency; Electrochemistry; Electrodes; Electrolytes; Energy gap; Hydrogen production; Narrow band gap semiconductors; Open circuit voltage; Oxide minerals; Photocurrents; Plasmonic nanoparticles; Plasmonics; Sulfide minerals; TiO2 nanoparticles; Titanium dioxide

Subjects:

Chemistry
Chemical Engineering
Chemical Engineering > Oils, fats, waxes, gases

Divisions:

Department of Chemistry

Depositing User:

. LibTrainee 2021

Date Deposited:

18 Jun 2021 12:02

Last Modified:

14 Mar 2022 07:29

URI:

http://raiithold.iith.ac.in/id/eprint/7936