Performance of the k-kL model for aerodynamics applications

Kalkote, Nikhil Narayan and Kumar, Ashutosh and Eswaran, Vinayak and et al, . (2020) Performance of the k-kL model for aerodynamics applications. International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, 22 (7). pp. 3985-4011. ISSN 0961-5539

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Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the predictability of the recently proposed length scale-based two-equation k-kL model for external aerodynamic flows such as those also encountered in the high-lift devices. Design/methodology/approach The two-equation k-kL model solves the transport equations of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and the product of TKE and the integral length scale to obtain the effect of turbulence on the mean flow field. In theory, the use of governing equation for length scale (kL) along with the TKE promises applicability in a wide range of applications in both free-shear and wall-bounded flows with eddy-resolving capability. Findings The model is implemented in the in-house unstructured grid computational fluid dynamics solver to investigate its performance for airfoils in difficult-to-predict situations, including stalling and separation. The numerical findings show the good capability of the model in handling the complex flow physics in the external aerodynamic computations. Originality/value The model performance is studied for stationary turbulent external aerodynamic flows, using five different airfoils, including two multi-element airfoils in high-lift configurations which, in the knowledge of the authors, have not been simulated with k-kL model until now.

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