Iminium Induced Cascade Cyclizations: Access to Dihydroisoquinolinium (DHIQ) Salts, highly substituted Oxazoles, Furocoumarins and Pyridoxazoles

Babu, Venkata Nagarjuna and D S, Sharada (2019) Iminium Induced Cascade Cyclizations: Access to Dihydroisoquinolinium (DHIQ) Salts, highly substituted Oxazoles, Furocoumarins and Pyridoxazoles. PhD thesis, Indian institute of technology Hyderabad.

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Abstract

The demand for sustainable and green chemistry has inspired chemists to hunt for efficient and economic ways to construct chemical bonds in organic synthesis. In particular, C-C, C-O and C-N bonds formation is a central aspect in synthetic chemistry. On the other hand, C-H bonds are ubiquitous in organic molecules. Therefore, the direct functionalization of C-H to C-C, C-O and C-N bonds becomes one of the most valuable and straightforward methods for the synthesis of complex structures. Sustainability has become one of the important scientific challenges nowadays, due to environmental, health and societal concerns. Due to this, there is a need for developing facile, efficient, and non-polluting synthetic procedures to reduce the use of organic solvents and toxic reagents. One such approach, which involves green and sustainable chemistry, drives towards pollution prevention and environmental protection, and is now gaining importance. Which mainly involves designing chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use of hazardous substances, volatile organic compounds, generation of waste materials, by-product formation and unnecessary derivatization (like blocking, protecting/deprotecting) etc. One of the strategies widely implemented is the development of alternative sustainable routes involves catalyst-free and solvent-free reactions (CFR & SFR) which have gained importance recently. These approaches have several advantages over the conventional organic synthetic methods, like (a) reduced pollutant production, (b) reduced use or elimination of toxic and hazardous chemicals, (c) operational simplicity, (d) decreasing the reaction time (under SFR), (e) formation of pure products which avoids tedious purifications, (f) high yields, (g) reduced cost and many more. vi Due to the various advantages of solvent-free and catalyst-free reactions, from the past decades tremendous efforts have been made by several groups for the synthesis of heterocyclic molecules. Accordingly, we have developed the green protocols particularly solventfree, catalyst-free techniques and designed acid catalyzed cyclizations for making Dihydroisoquinolinium (DHIQ) Salts, highly substituted Oxazoles, Furocoumarins and Pyridoxazoles.

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