Heavy Metals In PM10 At Different Sectors In An Urban Environment And Health Risk Assessment

Kumar, Mukesh and Qureshi, Asif (2019) Heavy Metals In PM10 At Different Sectors In An Urban Environment And Health Risk Assessment. Masters thesis, Indian institute of technology Hyderabad.

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Abstract

As the developing country, India has some of the worst air quality in the world. In the present study, the PM10 measured at Sanagareddy (sites Kandi-Rural, IIT Hyderabad-construction, Isnapur-Industrial) and Secunderabad (Neredmet-urban residential) district to study four different zone, which shows the different environmental conditions. The rural site is assumed to be least polluted and the sources of PM10 are household and agricultural, similarly at urban residential the domestic and the heavy traffic. The industrial zone was Isnapur, which dominated by metal industry, rubber and chemical companies. The microwave digestion followed by ICP-MS find heavy metals, Cr, As, Pb, Mn, Ni and Cd were measured at all four sites. The average (10 days sampling result) PM10 was higher at the industrial with 182.87 μg m-3, which followed by the Construction site (128.43 μg m-3). Because of the construction site deals with fine particle of earth, cement and so on, the PM10 concentration is very at the construction site. The rural and urban residential zone show a moderate level of PM10. The high value of Cd, Cr and Pb observed at the industrial zone and the Construction site shows high level of Mn and Ni. The As was observed high at rural area and the reason behind this are its most probable sources like burning wood/crops and erosion of rocks. The health risk assessment categorized in two ways: Carcinogenic risk and Non-carcinogenic (measured as hazards Index (HI)). The carcinogenic risks of As, Cd, Cr, Pb and Ni in PM10 via inhalation exposure were within the acceptable level (<1 × 10-4) for both children and adults at all four sites. The HI measured higher than one at all four sites for both children’s and adults with considering only heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Mn and Ni). The non-carcinogenic effect (HI) rises by 21 to 45% by including PM10 with heavy metal’s HI.

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