Fabrication of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles by Solvent Alteration and Its Bactericidal Applications

Bhattacharya, Proma and Swain, Sarpras and Giri, Lopamudra and Neogi, Sudarsan (2019) Fabrication of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles by Solvent Alteration and Its Bactericidal Applications. Journal of Materials Chemistry B. ISSN 2050-750X

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Abstract

The ever increasing resistance of pathogens towards antibiotics has caused developments of novel antibacterial materials. In this work, magnesium oxide nanoparticles have been synthesized and the synthesis parameters have played an important role in determining the physico-chemical properties of the nanoparticles. Three reaction solvents (water, ethyl alcohol and aqueous cetrimonium-tetrabromide) is employed and the morphological, surface and antibacterial properties of the resultant nanoparticles are compared. Using ethanol has yielded a smaller particle size(~10nm), thus greater surface area than CTAB (~ 17 nm) or water (~ 28 nm). The antibacterial efficacy of these nanoparticles proved an increase in cell reduction against both S. aureus and E. coli. About 3 log reduction in bacterial count was observed by a concentration of 5 mg/ml of MgO synthesized in ethanol. Logistics growth model equation has fitted the growth kinetics of the treated bacteria and the parameters also changed significantly with solvent. The reactive oxygen species generation was found to be time and concentration dependent and the haemolysis of the nanoparticles was much lower than the allowable limit. Confocal and Scanning Electron microscopy were employed for a morphological insight of the treated bacteria, thus proving the use of these nanoparticles in biomedicine.

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