Load resistance and failure modes of hollow-core slabs with openings: A finite element analysis

Pachalla, S K S and Prakash, Suriya S (2018) Load resistance and failure modes of hollow-core slabs with openings: A finite element analysis. Precast/Prestressed Concrete Journal, 63 (4). pp. 25-40.

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Abstract

Hollow-core slabs are generally used as floor elements in buildings. Provision of openings and cutouts is common in slabs due to various structural or service requirements. In many situations, these openings are provided after the slab has been erected, based on the site requirements. Design engineers typically confirm the safety of prestressed hollow-core slabs with openings based on experience or by simple stress calculations, as no design guidelines exist at present for the design of these precast concrete slabs with openings. If the openings are planned in the design phase, their effects are generally lessened by providing additional prestressing strands in the adjacent webs. This paper evaluates the effects of openings on the behavior of hollow-core slabs by experimental and finite element method studies. Three-dimensional finite element models were developed and calibrated with the experimental data. Thereafter, the effects of the provision of additional strands in adjacent webs, the shear span–to–depth ratio, and opening size were studied. The provision of additional strands in webs adjacent to an opening could not completely restore the lost capacity of hollow-core slabs due to openings. The location and size of the openings plays an important role in the strength and failure mode of the hollow-core slabs.

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