Hollow-nanospheres-based microfluidic biosensors for biomonitoring of cardiac troponin I

Singh, Nawab and Rai, Prabhakar and Ali, Md Azahar and Kumar, Rudra and Sharma, Ashutosh and Malhotra, B. D. and John, Renu (2019) Hollow-nanospheres-based microfluidic biosensors for biomonitoring of cardiac troponin I. Journal of Materials Chemistry B. ISSN 2050-750X

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Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading causes of death worldwide. Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is a cardiac biomarker exploited extensively for the early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We report a highly sensitive microfluidic biosensor for electrochemical detection of human cTnI in real patient samples. In this device, a patterned mesoporous nickel vanadate hollow-nanospheres modified chitosan (Ch-Ni3V2O8) was integrated with microfluidic structure. With excellent redox activity and biocompatibility, larger surface, tunable oxidation states (V5+, V4+, and V3+), the Ch-Ni3V2O8 matrix was used to functionalize the cardiac antibodies of troponin I (cAb) and amplify the electrochemical readouts. This device offered a high sensitivity of 38.88 µA/ng mL-1/cm2 for a wide range of cTnI concentration (0.005‒100 ng mL‒1). A low limit-of-detection of 5 pg mL‒1 and high stability, high reproducibility and good selectivity were achieved due to integration of microfluidic elements with hollow-nanosphere Ch-Ni3V2O8. This microfluidic device can be implemented to detect B-type natriuretic peptide, myoglobin, cardiac troponin C, and cardiac troponin T by functionalizing the specific antibody recognition elements and used for real point-of-care application in bio-medicine.

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