Large eddy simulation of tunnel fire with blockage and roof vents

Jagtap, Rohit shashikant and K, Venkatasubbaiah (2018) Large eddy simulation of tunnel fire with blockage and roof vents. Masters thesis, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad.

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Abstract

Fires in a tunnel are a serious hazard that cause a significant economic loss and human tragedy. Study of transport phenomena of fire in a tunnel is needed to understand the plume behavior and design of fire safety system. The effect of blockage in a forced ventilated tunnel on behavior of smoke and toxic gases are very limited in the literature. Because of the faster computational resources, the numerical approach based on the CFD is used to study the transport phenomena of fire in different environment saving both time and money with respect to an experimental analysis. FDS a software released by National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), has been released on an open source license to accurately simulate fire based on Large Eddy Simulation (LES) technique. The main aim of the present thesis is to employ FDS for simulating fire inside the tunnel in the presence of blockage with roof vents. The present simulation investigates the effect of blockage inside the forced ventilated tunnel in the upstream direction of fire source. From the numerical simulations we observed that as blockage – fire distance increases the temperature beneath the tunnel ceiling decreases. Effects of roof vents, cross section of blockage, size of heat source on transport phenomena of fire in a tunnel are reported. Results show that significant change of smoke temperature in a tunnel with multiple roof vents and cross section of blockage. The smoke temperature beneath the tunnel ceiling is decreases with increase in ventilation velocity. The present results are matching well with the experimental results available in literature.

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