An Efficient Wide Input Range Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting System with Low Drop Active Rectifier Design and Multiple MPP Architecture Implementations

Naikwad, Sumit Sunil (2017) An Efficient Wide Input Range Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting System with Low Drop Active Rectifier Design and Multiple MPP Architecture Implementations. Masters thesis, Indian Institute of Technology.

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Abstract

Internet of Everything (IoE) enables the research society to head towards establishing seamless connectivity and enabling smart data processing across the glo be in efficient manner. Accessibility to the system and finite battery power availability are the bottle necks of such systems where tiny wireless sensor nodes are incorporated at remote locations. Such systems are designed in ultra - low power mode so as to extend the battery life time for a given battery. However, this solution can only reduce the battery replacement frequency, but can’t eradicate it completely. Energy scavenging from perennial energy sources serves as a viable option for completely elimina ting battery replacement and accessibility problems and establishing a self - powered stand - alone solution. For the applications like wireless micro - sensor networks, implantable medical electronics and tire - pressure sensor systems, the presence of ambient v ibrations makes it possible to scavenge mechanical energy. Harvesting ambient vibration energy through piezoelectric (PE) means can potentially supply 10 – 100’s of μ W of power. Ambient energy sources are often irregular or intermittent, and energy transduce rs produce highly variable output voltages, ranging in many practical cases from few hundreds of millivolts to tens of volts, thus making it difficult to optimize power conversion. This is especially true in the case of vibrational energy harvesting [1]. P iezoelectric transducers achieve power levels compatible with wireless sensor nodes even with relatively weak vibrations. [2 - 5] deal with ac - dc converter part of piezoelectric harvesting interface only. [6] utilizes fly back topology with hill climbing MPP for power conversion but it is on a discrete level. [7] employed buck - boost with one time MPP setting but is incapable of tracking the real time input variations. [8] uses boost converter architecture for switch mode power conversion. Here, a complete ene rgy harvesting system comprising of efficient rectifier along with buck - boost converter is proposed. Real time MPP tracking is done for wide range of input voltages by utilizing multiple MPP architectures as per target application

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