Lab on chip for multiple disease dictation based on electrowetting

Deep, Khandavalli (2016) Lab on chip for multiple disease dictation based on electrowetting. Masters thesis, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad.

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Abstract

Digital Microfluidics (DMF) is a new field of science and technology that introduces movement of nanoliter to microliter size droplets on patterned electrodes. Droplets can be moved, dispensed, merged, and split on devices. Sequential chemical reaction, and DNA extraction are examples of biological applications of DMF. Microfluidics-based biochips have varies applications like high throughput analyses, DNA sequencing, automated drug discovery, real time bio-molecular recognition, parallel immunoassays, single cell studies and protein RNA interaction and environmental toxicity monitoring. Discrete type flow uses array of electrodes, voltage to controlled droplet independently for the same application. The advantages of discrete type flow over continuous type are dynamic reconfigurability, reusable, control parameters are in electric domain, no mechanical parts and fault tolerance. The principle of electrowetting is used to deform and to actuate the droplet. The challenges with EWOD devices are the deciding threshold voltage, used for clinical diagnostic to protect the cell from damage, avoiding the cross talk between electrodes because of electrostatic effect to maintain droplet on proper path and the automated multiplexing technique use for switching the electrode voltage.

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