Raman microscopy of lithium-manganese-rich transition metal oxide cathodes

Ruther, R E and Callender, A F and Zhou, H and Martha, Surendra Kumar and Nanda, J (2015) Raman microscopy of lithium-manganese-rich transition metal oxide cathodes. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 162 (1). A98-A102. ISSN 0013-4651

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Abstract

Lithium-rich and manganese-rich (LMR) layered transition metal (TM) oxide composites with general formula xLi2MnO3 • (1- x)LiMO2 (M = Ni, Co, Mn) are promising cathode candidates for high energy density lithium ion batteries. Lithium-manganese-rich TM oxides crystallize as a nanocomposite layered phase whose structure further evolves with electrochemical cycling. Raman spectroscopy is a powerful tool to monitor the crystal chemistry and correlate phase changes with electrochemical behavior. While several groups have reported Raman spectra of lithium rich TM oxides, the data show considerable variability in terms of both the vibrational features observed and their interpretation. In this study, Raman microscopy is used to investigate lithium-rich and manganese-rich TM cathodes as a function of voltage and electrochemical cycling at various temperatures. No growth of a spinel phase is observed within the cycling conditions. However, analysis of the Raman spectra does indicate the structure of LMR-NMC deviates significantly from an ideal layered phase. The results also highlight the importance of using low laser power and large sample sizes to obtain consistent data sets.

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IITH Creators:

IITH Creators	ORCiD
Martha, Surendra Kumar	UNSPECIFIED

Item Type:

Article

Additional Information:

This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy under the Batteries for Advanced Transportation Technologies (BATT) Program. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC05 00OR22725.

Uncontrolled Keywords:

Cathodes; Crystal chemistry; Electrodes; Lithium; Lithium alloys; Lithium compounds; Lithium-ion batteries; Manganese; Manganese oxide; Raman scattering; Transition metal compounds; Transition metals

Subjects:

Chemistry

Divisions:

Department of Chemistry

Depositing User:

Team Library

Date Deposited:

16 Mar 2015 07:13

Last Modified:

18 Oct 2017 06:44

URI:

http://raiithold.iith.ac.in/id/eprint/1398