A Novel and Sustainable Approach to Enhance the Li-Ion Storage Capability of Recycled Graphite Anode from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries

Mahata, Arup and Martha, Surendra K. (2023) A Novel and Sustainable Approach to Enhance the Li-Ion Storage Capability of Recycled Graphite Anode from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries. ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, 15 (22). pp. 26606-26618. ISSN 1944-8244

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Abstract

The ubiquitous manufacturing of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to high consumer demand produces inevitable e-waste that imposes severe environmental and resource sustainability challenges. In this work, the charge storage capability and Li-ion kinetics of the recovered water-leached graphite (WG) anode from spent LIBs are enhanced by using an optimized amount of recycled graphene nanoflakes (GNFs) as an additive. The WG@GNF anode exhibits an initial discharge capacity of 400 mAh g-1 at 0.5C with 88.5% capacity retention over 300 cycles. Besides, it delivers an average discharge capacity of 320 mAh g-1 at 500 mA g-1 over 1000 cycles, which is 1.5-2 times higher than that of WG. The sharp increase in electrochemical performance is due to the synergistic effects of Li-ion intercalation into the graphite layers and Li-ion adsorption into the surface functionalities of GNF. Density functional theory calculations reveal the role of functionalization behind the superior voltage profile of WG@GNF. Besides, the unique morphology of spherical graphite particles trapping into graphene nanoflakes provides mechanical stability over long-term cycling. This work explains an efficient strategy to upgrade the electrochemical compatibility of recovered graphite anode from spent LIBs toward next-generation high-energy-density LIBs.

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IITH Creators:

IITH Creators	ORCiD
Mahata, Arup	UNSPECIFIED
Martha, Surendra K.	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7762-7237

Item Type:

Article

Uncontrolled Keywords:

anode; DFT calculation; electrochemistry; graphene nanoflakes; graphite; recycling; spent lithium-ion batteries; Anodes; Density functional theory; Electric discharges; Electronic Waste; Graphene; Graphite; Ions; Lithium-ion batteries; Mechanical stability; Morphology; Sustainable development; Consumer demands; DFT calculation; E-wastes; Environmental sustainability; Graphene nanoflake; Graphite anode; Li ion storage; Resource sustainability; Spent lithium-ion batteries; Storage capability; recycling

Subjects:

Chemistry > Electrochemistry
Chemistry

Divisions:

Department of Chemistry

Depositing User:

Mr Nigam Prasad Bisoyi

Date Deposited:

12 Nov 2023 11:43

Last Modified:

12 Nov 2023 11:43

URI:

http://raiithold.iith.ac.in/id/eprint/11749