Ethosomal Nanoformulations for Combinational Photothermal Therapy of Fungal Keratitis

Rengan, Aravind Kumar (2023) Ethosomal Nanoformulations for Combinational Photothermal Therapy of Fungal Keratitis. Advanced Therapeutics, 6 (5). p. 2200331. ISSN 2366-3987

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Abstract

Fungal keratitis/mycotic keratitis or keratomycosis, is characterized by the inflammation of underlying stroma of corneal epithelium due to fungal infection. Multi-drug resistance and subsequent recurrence of infection limits the clinical outcomes of anti-fungal agents such as Amphotericin B and Natamycin; and therefore, demands research on newer anti-microbial strategies. In this study, the authors have synthesized and characterized ethosomes (IAEs) encapsulating a NIR dye, Indocyanine green (ICG), and an anti-fungal drug, Amphotericin B, for a combinational photothermal therapy of fungal keratitis. The in vitro anti-fungal efficacy of the IAEs is validated against Candida albicans by colony formation assay, calcofluor staining, and SEM analysis. The results indicate that the IAEs, upon NIR irradiation, displays a synergistic anti-fungal efficacy. The IAEs are highly biocompatible when tested using a human corneal epithelial (HCE) cell line model (in vitro) and a Draize eye test model in rabbits (in vivo). Further, it is observed that the IAEs,upon NIR laser exposure significantly eliminate the fungal infection in rat model of occular fungal keratitis. The research indicates that the IAEs nano-formulation exhibits a synergistic and sustained anti-fungal effect paving its way for further translation from bench to bedside for the efficient management of fungal keratitis.

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IITH Creators:

IITH Creators	ORCiD
Rengan, Aravind Kumar	http://www.orcid.org/0000-0003-3994-6760

Item Type:

Article

Uncontrolled Keywords:

amphotericin; drug resistance; ethosomes; fungal keratitis; photothermal therapy; animal experiment; animal model; antifungal activity; Article; Candida albicans; controlled study; drug formulation; HCE-T cell line; human; human cell; in vitro study; in vivo study; irradiation; keratomycosis; Leporidae; male; nanoencapsulation; nonhuman; photothermal therapy; rat; scanning electron microscopy; synthesis; amphotericin B; indocyanine green; ketamine; prednisolone; xylazine; animal experiment; animal model; antifungal activity; Article; Candida albicans; controlled study; drug formulation; HCE-T cell line; human; human cell; in vitro study; in vivo study; irradiation; keratomycosis; Leporidae; male; nanoencapsulation; nonhuman; photothermal therapy; rat; scanning electron microscopy; synthesis

Subjects:

Biomedical Engineering
Biomedical Engineering > Nanoparticles
Biomedical Engineering > Nanomedicine

Divisions:

Department of Biomedical Engineering

Depositing User:

Mr Nigam Prasad Bisoyi

Date Deposited:

26 Sep 2023 05:37

Last Modified:

26 Sep 2023 06:20

URI:

http://raiithold.iith.ac.in/id/eprint/11694