Eth-tight algorithms for long path and cycle on unit disk graphs

Fomin, F.V. and Lokshtanov, D. and Panolan, Fahad and et al, . (2020) Eth-tight algorithms for long path and cycle on unit disk graphs. In: 36th International Symposium on Computational Geometry, SoCG 2020, 23 June 2020through 26 June 2020, Zurich.

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Abstract

We present an algorithm for the extensively studied Long Path and Long Cycle problems on unit disk graphs that runs in time 2O(√k)(n + m). Under the Exponential Time Hypothesis, Long Path and Long Cycle on unit disk graphs cannot be solved in time 2o(√k)(n + m)O(1) [de Berg et al., STOC 2018], hence our algorithm is optimal. Besides the 2O(√k)(n + m)O(1)-time algorithm for the (arguably) much simpler Vertex Cover problem by de Berg et al. [STOC 2018] (which easily follows from the existence of a 2k-vertex kernel for the problem), this is the only known ETH-optimal fixed-parameter tractable algorithm on UDGs. Previously, Long Path and Long Cycle on unit disk graphs were only known to be solvable in time 2O(√k log k)(n + m). This algorithm involved the introduction of a new type of a tree decomposition, entailing the design of a very tedious dynamic programming procedure. Our algorithm is substantially simpler: we completely avoid the use of this new type of tree decomposition. Instead, we use a marking procedure to reduce the problem to (a weighted version of) itself on a standard tree decomposition of width O(√k). © Fedor V. Fomin, Daniel Lokshtanov, Fahad Panolan, Saket Saurabh, and Meirav Zehavi; licensed under Creative Commons License CC-BY 36th International Symposium on Computational Geometry (SoCG 2020).

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