Water and Food Nexus: Role of Socio-Economic Status on Water–Food Nexus in an Urban Agglomeration Hyderabad, India Using Consumption Water Footprint

D., Koteswara and Regonda, Satish Kumar and Dornadula, Chandrasekharam (2021) Water and Food Nexus: Role of Socio-Economic Status on Water–Food Nexus in an Urban Agglomeration Hyderabad, India Using Consumption Water Footprint. Water, 13 (5). pp. 1-18. ISSN 2073-4441

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Abstract

Cities are complex and evolving systems with various factors playing key roles, e.g., population increase, the migration of population, the availability of resources, and the flexibility of policies. Consumers’ socioeconomic status is also an important aspect that needs to be studied in the context of a self-reliant urban city in its resource consumption. In this regard, the association between water-food and socio-economic attributes was analyzed based on the consumer-centric approach for the Hyderabad Metro Development Authority (HMDA) region, India. In this study, the embedded water content in food consumption was estimated and analyzed for nine food groups and twelve economic classes of the HMDA region. The middle economic classes were found to correspond to ~80% of embedded water content in the HMDA region, followed by the upper and lower economic classes. Except for cereals, per capita, the water consumption of all food groups increased with the spending power of the economic class. The green, blue, and grey consumption water footprints (WFs) suggested that much of the water that is being consumed in the HMDA region is precipitation- driven, followed by surface and groundwater resources. Limited water resources, water resource variability, climate change consequences including future climate projections, uncertainty in data, WF estimates, and region’s future growth imply a detailed study in drafting policies to become a self-reliant region. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

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IITH Creators:

IITH Creators	ORCiD
Regonda, Satish Kumar	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3188-9415

Item Type:

Article

Additional Information:

This research was funded by the Ministry of Human Resources Development (MHRD) of India at the Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad. The authors would like to acknowledge support from the Frontier Areas of Science and Technology-Center of Excellence (FAST-CoE) in Sustainable Development at Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad and Ministry of Human Resources Development, India, for supporting and funding this project. The authors would like to acknowledge reviewers and Anjal Prakash, ISB Hyderabad, for their insightful comments.

Uncontrolled Keywords:

Embedded water content; Food consumption; Socio-economic status; Spending capacity; Virtual water; Water footprint; Water-food nexus

Subjects:

Civil Engineering

Divisions:

Department of Civil Engineering

Depositing User:

. LibTrainee 2021

Date Deposited:

07 Oct 2022 05:34

Last Modified:

07 Oct 2022 05:34