Effect of seed layer thickness on the Ta crystalline phase and spin Hall angle

Sriram, K. and Pala, Jay and Paikaray, Bibekananda and Haldar, Arabinda and Murapaka, Chandrasekhar (2021) Effect of seed layer thickness on the Ta crystalline phase and spin Hall angle. Nanoscale, 13 (47). pp. 19985-19992. ISSN 2040-3364

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Abstract

In this study, extensive large-scale model pavement experiments consisting of a total of twenty-one pavement sections overlying different subgrade conditions (poor to firm) were conducted to determine the traffic benefit ratio (TBR). TBR is quantified as the ratio of a cumulative number of load cycles to reach a defined deformation/failure state in the reinforced section to that of the unreinforced section with the same pavement geometry and material constitutions. Biaxial geogrids made up of polyester and polypropylene of varying tensile strengths were considered. The controlled experimentation was carried out in a large-sized test chamber of dimensions equal to 1.5 m in length, 1.5 m in width, and 1.0 m in depth. To simulate the wheel loading on the pavement in a real field condition, repetitive loading was applied in the form of haversine loading using a linear actuator system of 100 kN capacity. Based on the studies, geogrid placed at one-third thickness of the base layer was found to be the optimal depth of reinforcement. TBRs of the reinforced pavement were found to range from 1 to 52. The study, however, recommends the use of TBR ranging from 1.5 to 4 for a conservative design. Finally, the TBR-based design of pavements was illustrated through a worked-out example for given input parameters. The thickness of aggregate layers was found to reduce by 7.5–29% for the range of California bearing ratios and TBRs considered in this study. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

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IITH Creators:

IITH Creators	ORCiD
Haldar, Arabinda	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0490-9719
Murapaka, Chandrasekhar	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0283-7037

Item Type:

Article

Additional Information:

CM would like to acknowledge funding from the SERB – Early Career Research Award (ECR/2018/002664). AH would like to acknowledge funding from the Ramanujan Fellowship (SB/S2/ RJN-118/2016), the Department of Science and Technology, India. KS would like to acknowledge the fellowship from the SERB project (ECR/2018/002664). BP would like to acknowledge the fellowship from the Department of Science and Technology, India (DST/INSPIRE Fellowship/[IF180927]). The authors would like to thank Dr Gajendranath Chowdary from the Electrical Engineering Department, IIT Hyderabad, for giving access to the nanovoltmeter.

Uncontrolled Keywords:

Bi-layer structure; Crystalline phasis; Hall effect measurement; Interconversions; Permalloys; Polycrystalline phasis; Research interests; Seed layer; Seed layer thickness; Spin-pumping

Subjects:

Physics
Materials Engineering > Materials engineering

Divisions:

Department of Material Science Engineering
Department of Physics

Depositing User:

. LibTrainee 2021

Date Deposited:

18 Aug 2022 14:17

Last Modified:

18 Aug 2022 14:17

URI:

http://raiithold.iith.ac.in/id/eprint/10212