An investigation on physical phenomena of water-jet assisted underwater wet laser welding technique under continuous and pulsed mode operation

Sakate, Parag Malhari and Mullick, Suvradip and Gopinath, Muvvala (2021) An investigation on physical phenomena of water-jet assisted underwater wet laser welding technique under continuous and pulsed mode operation. Optik, 242. pp. 1-12. ISSN 0030-4026

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Abstract

This work presents the development and demonstration of a novel underwater wet laser welding technique, where unlike the conventional underwater wet laser welding, a water-jet parallel to the weld pool surface was introduced inside the water environment. The water flow was found to enhance the removal of water vapour formed at the laser-water-workpiece interface without creating hindrance to the molten weld bead, resulting in lower energy loss due to absorption and scattering, thus enhancing the laser energy coupling efficiency to the material. The process was studied for bead-on-plate welding on 4 mm stainless steel (SS) sheets using a 2 kW Yb-Fiber laser (wavelength 1.07 µm), with water column height of 5–15 mm, and a parallel water jet of speed 2–3 m/s, under continuous (CW) and pulsed mode (modulated power) laser operation. The major objective of the work was to study the effect of water flow and mode of laser operation on the formation and growth of vapour layer at the processing zone and investigate its effect on laser energy coupling efficiency. Further, their effect on weld bead geometry and microstructure was investigated. Welding operation with modulated laser power was found to produce higher weld depth compared to CW mode with same average laser power due to lower scattering loss and better energy coupling under pulsed mode operation. The micro-structural investigation has showed the formation of finer grains and oxide or carbide precipitation in case of underwater welding, indicating the enhanced cooling phenomena in this technique. © 2021 Elsevier GmbH

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IITH Creators:

IITH Creators	ORCiD
Gopinath, Muvvala	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2133-3686

Item Type:

Article

Additional Information:

Authors also gratefully acknowledge the financial supports from the Department of Science and Technology , Government of India, under the FIST Program - 2007(SR/FIST/ETII-031/2007) .

Uncontrolled Keywords:

Pulsed mode operation; Underwater laser welding; Underwater wet laser welding; Water assist; Yb-Fiber laser

Subjects:

Physics > Mechanical and aerospace

Divisions:

Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering

Depositing User:

. LibTrainee 2021

Date Deposited:

04 Aug 2022 11:17

Last Modified:

04 Aug 2022 11:17